Inoshanda Kudzora Nzira dzeCitrus Orange Limon Acid Kuora Mushure meKutora (Nzira Yekuchengetedza)

Zvibereko zveCitrus zvinosanganisira mamandarin ane ganda rakakura, maranjisi anotapira, mazambiringa, mandimu, kumquats uye mamwe marudzi.Zvirwere zvinowanzoitika mushure mekukohwa zvecitrus zvinosanganisira penicillium, green mold, acid rot, stem rot, brown rot, oil spot, etc. Pakati pavo, green mold uye acid rot zvirwere zvinokonzera kurasikirwa kwakanyanya mushure mekukohwa.Fungal mabhakitiriya anokonzera.

Ichi chinyorwa chinonyatso kusuma nzira dzekudzivirira kuonda kwemaorenji eguvhu.
Citrus sour rot chirwere chefungal chinokonzerwa neGeotrichum candidium.Kunyange zvazvo spores yehutachiona hwehutachiona huchimera uye huchiwedzera nokukurumidza pakupisa kwekamuri, mumatsutso uye munguva yechando, kana kutonhora kwakaderera, spores yebhakitiriya yepathogenic inomera uye inowedzera, iyo inofanira kubhadharwa.Iyo acid inoora pathogen inonyanya kupinda kuburikidza nemaronda emuchero wecitrus, asi mamwe mutants anogona zvakare kupinda muchero wakanaka.Vamwe vanhu vanodana kuora kunorwadza “bhomba reatomu” remaranjisi pashure pokukohwa, izvo zvinoratidza kuti simba rawo rokuparadza rakasimba zvikuru.
(Kuratidzwa kweguvhu orange sour rot, kupfava, mvura inoyerera, tuchetura chena, kunhuwa)

Kunyange zvazvo citrus sour rot inotyisa, maererano nenzira dzakarurama dzekutonga, chiyero chekuora chinogona kudzorwa zvakanyanya pasi kunyange pasina kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza kunotonhora.Aya mapoinzi anotevera anofanirwa kutariswa mukudzivirira postharvest asidi kuora kweguvhu orange:
1. Sarudza nguva yakakodzera yekukohwa maorenji eguvhu, kwete kukasika kana kunonoka.Maranjisi eguvhu anoshandiswa kuchengetedza anofanira kukohwewa nenguva.Maorenji akaibva guvhu ane shuga yakawanda, asi acidity yakaderera, kusamira zvakanaka, uye haamirire kuchengetwa.
2. Usatanha muchero mumazuva emvura, kana kutanha nemvura.Kohwa maranjisi eguvhu kana mamiriro ekunze akanaka zvakanyanya sezvinobvira, uye hazvikurudzirwe kukohwa maorenji eguvhu kana kuine dova mangwanani nemanheru.Nekuda kwekuti maspores emabhakitiriya epathogenic ari nyore kumera munzvimbo ine hunyoro, uye epidermis yeguvhu orenji iri nyore kuzvimba mushure mekutora mvura, lenticules inowedzera, uye hutachiona hwepathogenic hunogona kupinda, izvo zvinopa mukana wakanaka sour rot uye green mold kuti ipinde.
3. Nyatsodzora kukanganisa kwemagetsi panguva yekunhonga michero nekufambisa.Uchishandisa “muchero mumwe nezvigero zviviri” kunhonga, nyanzvi dzokunhonga michero dzichava neunyanzvi, usadhonze nechisimba maranjisi eguvhu pamuti.Usakanda kana kubata vana nesimba panguva yekufambisa.
4. Maorenji eguvhu anofanira kucheneswa uye achengetedzwe nenguva kana akohwewa.Sezvinobvira, inofanira kugadziriswa pazuva rimwechete rekukohwa.Kana yanyanya kunonoka kugadzirisa pazuva rimwe chete, inofanira kugadziriswa nekukurumidza sezvinobvira zuva rinotevera.Panyaya yebasa rakaoma remaoko, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa michina yemagetsi.Michina yekugadzira mushure mekukohwa yakagadziridzwa uye kugadzirwa neJiangxi Lumeng Kambani ine mvura yekutenderera sterilization system uye yekupisa inochengetedza sisitimu, iyo inogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya mwero wekugadzirisa uye kuve nani anti-corrosion uye nyowani-kuchengetedza maitiro.
5. Shandisai fungicides nemishonga inochengetedza.Parizvino, ega ekuchengetedza ane yakagadzikana mhedzisiro uye yakakwirira chengetedzo yekudzivirira uye kutonga kwe citrus acid kuora ndeye kaviri-munyu vamiririri, uye zita rekutengesa ndiBaikede.Zvinenge zviri nani kushandisa Lumeng mvura yekutenderera kurapwa system uye thermal kuchengetedza system pamwe chete.
6. Zvibereko zvakakura zvinowanzoita zvirwere uye hazvigoni kuchengetwa.Maorenji eguvhu anocheneswa uye anochengetwa nenguva mushure mekukohwewa.Mushure mekupatsanurwa, michero iri pamusoro pe85 kana 90 (iyo yekuronga chiyero nehuremu iri pazasi 15) haipokana nekuchengetedza.Zvibereko zvakakura zvinonyanya kukuvadza uye zvirwere panguva yekukohwa uye kutakura, uye zvinowanzoitawo kuoma panguva yekuchengetedza.
7. Mushure mechinguva chiduku chepakutanga kutonhora, chengetedza chibereko chimwe chete muhomwe munguva.Pre-kutonhora kunofanirwa kuitwa munzvimbo ine hutsanana, inotonhorera uye inofefetera.Ganda remuchero rinonzwa zvishoma.Shandisa michero mitsva-kuchengeta mabhegi, usasiya mhepo muhombodo paunenge uchitakura, uye simbisa muromo webhegi.
8. Guvhu orenji kuchengetedza manejimendi.Imba yekuchengetera zvinhu inofanira kugara ine mhepo inofefetera zvakanaka uye utsanana husina tsvina.Pane mikaha pakati pemabhokisi ekuchengetedza mhepo.Chenjerera kune tembiricha uye humidity manejimendi eimba yekuchengetera kudzivirira guvhu reorenji kubva mukusafema, uko kunowanzoita kupera simba kwemvura kana chirwere mune inotevera nhanho.
(Panofanira kunge paine gaka pakati pemabhokisi ekuchengetedza) (tembiricha uye humidity yekutarisa)
9. Kusarudzwa kwekugadzirisa nzira
Sarudza rori ine firiji ine tembiricha isingaperi.Kana usina mamiriro, unofanira kusarudza ventilated karavhani.Kushandisa semi-trailer yakavharirwa zvizere kune njodzi.Kune zvakajairwa zvekutakura marori, iwe unofanirwa kutarisisa kufefetera uye kutonhora, zvikasadaro tembiricha yakakwira uye hunyoro hwakanyanya huchaumba pakati pemutoro (nekuda kwekuburitswa kweC02 neH20 kubva pakufema kwemaorenji eguvhu).heat) iri nyore kupinza acid kuora, iyo inowanzoitika mukuita chaiko.